| Why do scars form?
 When the skin is damaged the body responds in three phases; inflammation, 
              rebuilding and
 remodelling. The immune system responds immediately to fight off 
              infection. The body produces
 inflammation to fight against infection. Inflammation causes an 
              increase in the local blood supply so
 that large numbers of white blood cells can be brought to the damaged 
              area to fight infection. During
 the rebuilding phase, the skin begins to repair the damage to help 
              heal the wound so that it may close.
 Collagen fibres are produced during the repair process. Finally, 
              in the remodelling phase, more
 collagen fibres are produced and organized to increase the strength 
              of the skin. Often, the immune
 system overreacts with more white cells and collagen than necessary, 
              causing excessive scarring that
 is red, raised and unattractive. A scar looks different from normal 
              skin because fibres are organized
 differently than in normal skin. The resulting scar is genetically 
              determined. Scarring can be worse in
 certain races (heavily pigmented skin), certain areas (chest, shoulders, 
              upper back, jaw line), at certain
 ages (younger) and if placed across lines of skin tension.
 What is a keloid scar?A keloid is an overgrowth of scar tissue at the site of a skin wound. 
              The new tissue is elevated,
 rounded, and firm, with irregular and claw-like margins. Keloids 
              occur most often in heavily pigmented
 people and tend to get progressively worse.
 What is a hypertrophic scar?A hypertrophic scar is a wound that heals to greater than normal 
              size as a result of an aggressive lay
 down of collagen, contained in larger than normal skin cells, producing 
              a raised, smooth,
 hyperpigmented result. The site maintains a higher than normal level 
              of sensitivity and the tissue is
 more fibrous in structure.
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